- The balance between the chemical and electrical forces pushing potassium through potassium channels and across the membrane is represented by the potassium equilibrium potential.
- At the equilibrium potential of potassium, which is -80mV, there is no net movement of potassium ions.
<h3>At potassium's equilibrium potential, what happens?</h3>
- At equilibrium, the electrical potential gradient across the membrane precisely balances the gradient of K+ concentration.
- There is no net migration of K+ from one side to the other, despite the fact that K+ ions continue to traverse the membrane via channels.
<h3>How does potassium diffuse in order to influence the membrane potential?</h3>
- Potassium ions will flow down their concentration gradient, or towards the exterior of the cell, because the membrane is permeable to them.
- Although the membrane is not permeable to sodium, there is a concentration gradient that favors sodium diffusion in the opposite direction.
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<h3><u>Answer;</u></h3>
B. They protect against oxidative damage from excessive light energy
<h3>Explanation;</h3>
- Some carotenoids seem to be function as photoprotectors.
- These compounds absorb and dissipate excessive light energy that would otherwise damage chlorophyll or interact with oxygen, forming reactive oxidative molecules that are dangerous to the cell.
Answer: it should be D. required storage condition, type of radionuclide, measurements
Explanation:
Conjugation
The process by which isogamous organisms exchange genetic information during fertilization is called conjugation.
In process of meiosis. The hypothalamus or the master gland in most animals, including humans send signals to the ovaries and testes of the reproductive system. In response to these signals, these ovaries and testes undergoes thesex cells division which is called meiosis<span>. </span>Spermatogenesis <span>in male gametes, is the process of sex cell division among sperm cells. On the other hand, </span>oogenesis<span> is for the female gametes. These cell divisions among respective gametes produces haploid cell which only contain one pair of chromosomes, in number -23.<span> </span></span>
