Command – decisions are made with no involvement.
Consult – invite input from others.
Vote – discuss options and then call for a vote.
Consensus – talk until everyone agrees to one decision
The excretory system is related to the increase or decrease in the consumption of water by an animal. The increase or decrease is due to the variation in the antidiuretic hormones in the humans. The retention and excretion of excess water and ions are performed by the kidneys, which is a part of the excretory system.
Answer:
1. Operating plan.
2. Operating plan.
3. Financial plan.
4. Dividend policy.
5. B and C.
Explanation:
1. Operating plan: provides detailed implementation guidance for a firm's operations, as well as a forecast of the company's expected future free cash flows.
2. Operating plan: provides the inputs necessary for a risk management evaluation using sensitivity analysis, scenario analysis, or simulations.
3. Financial plan: Is based on knowledge of the amount of funds necessary to compensate the firm's shareholders, and the mix of debt and equity capital used to finance the firm.
4. Dividend policy: sets forth specific targets for cash or share distributions to the firm's shareholders.
Capital structure: describes specific targets for the mix of debt and equity used to finance a firm.
Financial planning can be defined as the process of estimating the amount of capital required for the smooth operations of the business and determine how to achieve the firm's set goals and objectives.
Hence, the following statements are true about financial planning;
I. Once a firm's forecasted financial statements are prepared, the firm must determine how much capital it will need to support these plans.
II. Management must monitor operations after implementing a financial plan to detect deviations from the plan and adjust accordingly.
Answer:
Option B,
The higher the degree of financial leverage employed by a firm, THE HIGHER THE PROBABILITY THAT THE FIRM WILL ENCOUNTER FINANCIAL DISTRESS.
Explanation:
The degree of financial leverage (DFL) is a leverage ratio that measures the sensitivity of a company's earnings per share to fluctuations in it's operating income, as a result of changes in its capital structure.
This ratio indicates that the higher the degree of financial leverage, the more volatile earnings will be.
The use of financial leverage varies greatly by industry and by the business sector. There are many industry sectors in which companies operate with a high degree of financial leverage (examples are retail stores, grocery store, banking institutions, airlines...). Unfortunately, the excessive use of financial leverage by many companies in this sector has played a major role in forcing a lot of them to file for bankruptcy.
Therefore, if the degree of financial leverage employed by a firm is high, then the probability that the firm will encounter financial distress will also be high.
