I believe the answer is Virtual Private Network (VPN).
Know this answer is late, but im doing my deed hoping i this can help someone else pass this darn class. Best of Luck to whoever is taking the same course. You can do it if my lazy self can do it! It'll be okay ;)
The number of smartphone users is forcast to grow from 2.1 billion in 2016 to around 2.5 billion in 2019, with smartphone penetration rates increasing as well.over 36% of the worlds population is projected to use a smartphone by 2018, thats up from about 10% in 2011
The answer you are looking for would be A. Hardware can be an external tool, where as software is an internal tool. Hope this helped!