Decomposer, they eat dead organic material
During endocytosis the plasma membrane folds inwards either through phagocytosis for solits or pinocytosis for liquids.
During exocytosis vesicles for the inside of the cell fuse with the membrane and are released outside of the cell.
The assumption in this problem is that the gas, CO2, is ideal and that the ideal gas law is applicable such that,
n = PV/RT
We simply substitute the given values to the equation above,
n = (1 atm)(V) / (0.082 Latm/mol.K)(T)
n = 12.20 V/T