Answer:
Any process that involves active transport most often involves the expenditure of energy in the form of ATP hydrolysis.
Explanation:
Active transport in cells is a form of transport which involves the transport of solute molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient using energy provided from some chemical reaction occuring in the cell.
Active transport is an endergonic (energy-requiring) process and therefore, must proceed only when coupled to an exergonic (energy-releasing) process such as the breakdown of ATP, an oxidation reaction, absorption of sunlight, etc.
In many instances in cell, such as the Na/K pump, ATP hydrolysis is the the common exergonic reaction to which active transport is coupled to.
Well scientists will be able to study organisms more efficiently, and they will be able to organize them into groups based on their cell structure, behavior, habitat, similarity, and more.
Answer:
insulin; pancreas.
Explanation:
An endocrine system refers to a series of ductless glands and organs responsible for the production and secretion of hormones that are used by the body for the performance of various functions such as metabolism, controlling growth, reproduction, mood, sleep, etc. These hormones are secreted directly into the circulatory system (blood) and then transported to the organs and tissues in the body.
Basically, the endocrine system contributes significantly to the state of homeostasis in the body.
Homeostasis can be defined as a process through which a living organism maintains a steady or stable physical, internal and chemical environment that is ideal to enhance life and proper functionality.
Generally, when the blood glucose levels of a person rise, through an endocrine system, the hormone known as insulin is released from the pancreas to convert excess glucose into glycogen, which is typically a short-term energy storage molecule for the body.
In conclusion, the endocrine system maintain homeostasis by releasing insulin from the pancreas to decrease blood sugar and releasing glucagon to increase blood sugar.
Answer:
Aspirin works by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins. Aspirin inhibits the formation of prostaglandins by combining with the COX enzymes. Prostaglandins function as messenger molecules to monitor different physiological procedures in distinct regions of the body. One of the prime activities of prostaglandins is to stimulate inflammation and pain.
Prostaglandins are also the essential controller of platelet aggregation. By changing the COX enzymes inside the platelets, aspirin makes platelets to lose the stickiness, which is required to instigate clotting of blood.
There are two forms of cyclooxygenase, that is, COX-1 and COX-2. COX-1 generates prostaglandins and COX-2 mediates pain and swelling in response to tissue injury. Aspirin prevents both COX-1 and COX-2 functioning, while COX-2 is the therapeutic target of the drug.
However, it is the association of aspirin with COX-1 in the gastrointestinal tract, which results in the unwanted side effects of the drug. COX-1 is required to sustain a thick lining of the stomach. As aspirin inhibits the COX-1 enzyme, thus, the continuous use of the drug can result in the thinning of mucus, which safeguards the stomach from gastric juices.
In such cases, stomach bleeding, ulcers, and in certain situations perforation of the stomach can take place. Therefore, aspirin exhibits both bad and good effects.
