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krok68 [10]
3 years ago
15

Chlorine can be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of manganese dioxide with hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq)HCl(aq) , as desc

ribed by the chemical equation MnO2(s)+4HCl(aq)⟶MnCl2(aq)+2H2O(l)+Cl2(g) MnO2(s)+4HCl(aq)⟶MnCl2(aq)+2H2O(l)+Cl2(g) How much MnO2(s)MnO2(s) should be added to excess HCl(aq)HCl(aq) to obtain 235 mL Cl2(g)235 mL Cl2(g) at 25 °C and 805 Torr805 Torr ?
Chemistry
1 answer:
vlada-n [284]3 years ago
8 0

Answer:

0.87g

Explanation:

Step 1:

The balanced equation for the reaction. This is given below:

MnO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) —> MnCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) + Cl2(g)

Step 2:

Data obtained from the question. This includes the following:

Volume (V) of Cl2 obtained = 235mL

Temperature (T) = 25°C

Pressure (P) = 805 Torr

Step 3:

Conversion to appropriate unit.

For Volume:

1000mL = 1L

Therefore, 235mL = 235/1000 = 0.235L

For temperature:

Temperature (Kelvin) = temperature (celsius) + 273

Temperature (celsius) = 25°C

Temperature (Kelvin) = 25°C + 273 = 298K

For Pressure:

760 Torr = 1 atm

Therefore, 805 Torr = 805/760 = 1.06 atm

Step 4:

Determination of the number of mole of Cl2 produced. This is illustrated below:

The number of mole (n) of Cl2 produced can be obtained by using the ideal gas equation as follow:

PV = nRT

Volume (V) = 0.235L

Temperature (T) = 298k

Pressure (P) = 1.06 atm

Gas constant (R) = 0.082atm.L/Kmol

Number of mole (n)

PV = nRT

Divide both side by RT

n = PV /RT

n = (1.06 x 0.235)/(0.082 x 298)

n = 0.01 mole

Therefore 0.01 mole of Cl2 is produced from the reaction.

Step 5:

Determination of the number of mole MnO2 that produce 0.01 mole of Cl2. This is illustrated below:

MnO2(s) + 4HCl(aq) —> MnCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) + Cl2(g)

From the balanced equation above,

1 mole of MnO2 produced 1 mole of Cl2.

Therefore, it will take 0.01 mole to MnO2 to also produce 0.01 mole of Cl2.

Step 6:

Converting 0.01 mole of MnO2 to grams.

This is illustrated below:

Number of mole MnO2 = 0.01 mole

Molar Mass of MnO2 = 55 + (2x16) = 87g/mol

Mass of MnO2 =?

Mass = number of mole x molar Mass

Mass of MnO2 = 0.01 x 87

Mass of MnO2 = 0.87g

Therefore, 0.87g of MnO2 is needed for the reaction.

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Problem PageQuestion Aqueous sulfuric acid will react with solid sodium hydroxide to produce aqueous sodium sulfate and liquid w
quester [9]

Answer:

0.72g

Explanation:

Step 1:

We'll begin by writing a balanced equation for the reaction. This is illustrated below:

H2SO4 + 2NaOH —> Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Step 2:

Determination of the mass of sulphuric acid (H2SO4) and the mass of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) that reacted from the balanced equation. This is illustrated below:

Molar Mass of H2SO4 = (2x1) + 32 +(16x4) = 2 + 32 + 64 = 98g/mol

Molar Mass of NaOH = 23 + 16 + 1 = 40g/mol

Mass of NaOH from the balanced equation = 2 x 40 = 80g

Step 3

Determination of the limiting reactant. To do this, we need to know which of the reactant is excess.

Now let us consider using all of the mass of NaOH given to see if there will be left over for H2SO4. This is illustrated below:

From the balanced equation above,

98g of H2SO4 required 80g of NaOH.

Therefore, Xg of H2SO4 will require 1.6g of NaOH i.e

Xg of H2SO4 = (98x1.6)/80

Xg of H2SO4 = 1.96g

Now comparing the mass of H2SO4 that reacted ( i.e 1.96g) and the mass of H2SO4 given ( i.e 2.94g), we can see clearly that there are left over ( i.e 2.94 - 1.96 = 0.98g) of H2SO4. Therefore, H2SO4 is the excess reactant and NaOH is the limiting reactant.

Step 4:

Determination of the mass of water produced from the reaction. This is illustrated below:

The balanced equation for the reaction is given below:

H2SO4 + 2NaOH —> Na2SO4 + 2H2O

Molar Mass of H2O = (2x1) + 16 = 2 + 16 = 18g/mol

Mass of H2O from the balanced equation = 2 x 18 = 36g

From the balanced equation above,

80g of NaOH reacted to produced 36g of H2O.

Therefore, 1.6g of NaOH will react to produce = (1.6 x 36)/80 = 0.72g of H2O.

Therefore, the maximum mass of water (H2O) produced by the chemical reaction of aqueous sulfuric acid with solid sodium hydroxide is 0.72g

4 0
3 years ago
Look at the following enthalpy diagram. Select all that apply.
Drupady [299]

Answer:

Option 2 and 4 are correct

Explanation:

The reactants in the attached image have more enthalpy and hence less stability as they are more reactive. Thus, Product is more stable than the reactants.

This is an addition reaction in which two reactants add up to form the product.

Very less activation energy is required as the reactants themselves are unstable, possess high energy and hence are very reactive.

Reactants have more energy than the products.  

5 0
3 years ago
What is the correct iupac name of CH3-CH2-CH2CHO ?
kow [346]

the correct IUPAC name of the compound is 1-Butanal.

<h3>What are IUPAC names?</h3>

It is a system of naming organic compounds based on the longest carbon-to-carbon single bonds. It does not matter whether these longest chains are continuous or in a ring.

Thus, when the compound with the chemical formula, CH3-CH2-CH2CHO is considered. The longest carbon-to-carbon chain is 4. The 1st carbon carries a functional group known as an aldehyde.

Aldehydes are equipped with the carbonyl group and have the general formula R−CH=O. They are also sometimes referred to as formyl.

Aldehydes are named after their parent alkane chains with a slight modification. The 'e' is replaced with 'al'

The aldehyde in this case has four carbons. This means that the parent alkane is Butane. Therefore, the name of the compound will be 1-Butanal.

More on IUPAC names can be found here: brainly.com/question/16631447

#SPJ1

4 0
2 years ago
When considering metal complexation with EDTA, if you are comparing 2 metals, the metal with a higher ____________ will react wi
DENIUS [597]

If you are comparing 2 metals, the metal with a higher <u>Number of free ions</u> will react with EDTA first

<h3>What is EDTA ?</h3>

EDTA is a type of chemical which binds certain metal ions such as calcium and magnesium. some of the functions of EDTA  includes:

  • Preventing blood clotting of blood samples
  • prevention of the formation of Biofilm by bacterias

The EDTA will readily react with metals which have a hiogher number of free ions that it can bind with.

Hence we can conclude that If you are comparing 2 metals, the metal with a higher <u>Number of free ions</u> will react with EDTA first.

Learn more about EDTA : brainly.com/question/10818175

7 0
1 year ago
PLEASE HELP! WILL MARK BRAINIEST IF ANSWERED CORRECTLY.
ioda

Answer:

H2O is a polar molecule

the H is slightly positive and the O is slightly negative so the Na is attracted to the O side of the water molecule and the Cl is attracted to the H side of the water molecule

Explanation:

3 0
3 years ago
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