Long eyelashes is the dominant trait because, in the last sentence, donna mentioned how nearly everyone in the family had long eyelashes, while barbara and her had short ones. this proves that long eyelashes are much more common in the family than short eyelashes, which means long eyelashes would be dominant, while short eyelashes would be recessive.
Giraffes and Elephants: Giraffes have adapted a long neck over time letting them eat and access food allowing them to survive. If a dry season was unusually long they would succeed fine because they are able to eat and drink from the trees. Elephants have survived with similar tactics of eating higher up, they have rough skin allowing them to outlast the heat, and only need water after long periods of time.
Observation designed to minimize the effects of variables other than the independent variable.
Most likely ATP next time put the answer choices in for multiple choice questions.