Here's the list as given, with numbers showing order:
4. Many Jewish immigrants flee Europe for Palestine.
5. Israel is created as a country.
1. Antisemitism starts to develop in Europe.
2. The Nazi Party comes to power in Germany.
3. Jews are persecuted in Germany.
Note: I numbered "Many Jewish immigrants <u>flee</u> Europe for Palestine" after the Nazis began persecuting Jews in Germany, because that was definitely a time of <u>flight</u>. The settlement of Palestine by Jews had already begun before that time, but "fleeing" was more the case as Nazi persecution took hold.
Here's the list in order, then:
- Antisemitism starts to develop in Europe.
- The Nazi Party comes to power in Germany.
- Jews are persecuted in Germany.
- Many Jewish immigrants flee Europe for Palestine.
- Israel is created as a country.
Further details/context:
Anti-Semitism was strong in Europe already in the Middle Ages, when Jews were accused of such things as spreading the plague by poisoning wells, or using the blood of murdered Christians to make the matzah for their Passover rituals. The term "anti-Semitism" as a description for hostile opposition to the Jewish people was first used by Wilhelm Marr in 1879 in Germany. Marr supported campaigns against Jews and began using the term "anti-Semitism" as a euphemism for what better might have been called "Jew-hating."
The Zionist movement began in the late 1800s, focused on establishing a homeland for anyone of Jewish ethnicity. Theodore Herzl is typically credited with getting the secular Zionist movement started with his book, <em>Der Judenstaat</em> ("The Jews' State), published in 1896. Herzl also led in the founding of the World Zionist Organization, established by the First World Zionist Congress held in Switzerland in 1897. Convinced that the Jews would never truly be welcomed or assimilated within the countries of Europe, Herzl argued for establishment of their own homeland somewhere. Eventually that "somewhere" became a movement focused on going back to the ancestral land of Israel.
The push for Israel as the homeland of Jews intensified during the 1930s as Nazi efforts in Germany turned heatedly against Jewish people, and the Holocaust of the 1940s ultimately turned world sympathy even more to the plight of the Jews and endorsed their establishment of a home state.
