Answer:
PFFT this might help? sorry if not mate
Explanation:
Cell cycle checkpoint controls play a major role in preventing the development of cancer [see Sherr, 1994, for a more detailed discussion]. Major checkpoints occur at the G1 to S phase transition and at the G2 to M phase transitions. Cancer is a genetic disease that arises from defects in growth-promoting oncogenes and growth-suppressing tumor suppressor genes. The p53 tumor suppressor protein plays a role in both the G1/S phase and G2/M phase checkpoints. The mechanism for this activity at the G1/S phase checkpoint is well understood, but its mechanism of action at the G2/M phase checkpoint remains to be elucidated. The p53 protein is thought to prevent chromosomal replication specifically during the cell cycle if DNA damage is present. In addition, p53 can induce a type of programmed cell death, or apoptosis, under certain circumstances. The general goal of p53 appears to be the prevention of cell propagation if mutations are present. The p53 protein acts as a transcription factor by binding to certain specific genes and regulating their expression. One of these, WAF1 or Cip1, is activated by p53 and is an essential downstream mediator of p53-dependent G1/S phase checkpoint control. The function of p53 can be suppressed by another gene, MDM2, which is overexpressed in certain tumorigenic mouse cells and binds to p53 protein, thus inhibiting its transcriptional activation function. Other cellular proteins have been found to bind to p53, but the significance of the associations is not completely understood in all cases. The large number of human cancers in which the p53 gene is altered makes this gene a good candidate for cancer screening approaches.
I think the correct answer from the choices listed above is option 4. This prediction is most likely <span>correct, because water would be moving out of the cell into the salt solution. Hope this answers the question. Have a nice day. Feel free to ask more questions.</span>
Is called the parietal layer
Gel electrophoresis is used in a device that compares the DNA of organisms to each other.
When gel electrophoresis is used, bands of DNA are pulled to polar ends, creating a line of bands of DNA varying in thickness. Some bands may attract more than others which then makes this line of DNA bands. This occurs with several samples of DNA used in a device with gel electrophoresis. The lines of bands that are the most similar are the ones that are the most related to each other. If the line of bands is identical to another line of bands, it is the same organism.
-E :)
