B. The Earth radiates an amount of energy into space equal to the amount it receives.
Part of the solar energy is reflected by the Earth into space, this is known as albedo. The other part of the energy radiated by the Earth in the form of infrared radiation, is absorbed by the greenhouse gases, which cause most of this infrared radiation to be emitted into space. Therefore, the net flow of energy is zero.
Two physical systems are in thermal equilibrium if no heat flows between them when they are connected by a path permeable to heat. Thermal equilibrium obeys the zeroth law of thermodynamics. A system is said to be in thermal equilibrium with itself if the temperature within the system is spatially and temporally uniform.
Systems in thermodynamic equilibrium are always in thermal equilibrium, but the converse is not always true. If the connection between the systems allows transfer of energy as heat but does not allow transfer of matter or transfer of energy as work, the two systems may reach thermal equilibrium without reaching thermodynamic equilibrium.
Answer:
Explanation:
from the ideal gas law we have
PV = mRT
HERE R is gas constant for dry air = 287 J K^{-1} kg^{-1}
We know by ideal gas law
for m_2
WE KNOW
PV = mRT
V, R and T are constant therefore we have
P is directly proportional to mass
During the daytime, I have mostly line symmetry.
During the night, I often have almost spherical symmetry.
