Elements with three p-electrons....
That would be N, P, As, Sb, and Bi -- elements in group 15
For example, energy diagram showing "empty" orbitals up through the 3p.
.....3p __ __ __
3s __
.....2p __ __ __
2s __
1s __
Energy diagram of phosphorous showing three unpaired electrons in 3p-sublevel
.....3p ↑_ ↑_ ↑_
3s ↑↓
.....2p ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
2s ↑↓
1s ↑↓
According to Hund's rule, the electrons singly occupy the p-orbitals, and all have the same spin.
The enthalpy for the reaction : ΔH = -132
<h3>Further explanation</h3>
Given
Reaction and the enthalpy
Required
the enthalpy
Solution
Hess Law
Reaction 1 reverse :
A + B = G + C ΔH = -277
Reactions 2 and 3 remain the same (unchanged)
C + F = A ΔH = 303
D = B + H ΔH = -158
Add up all the reactions and remove the same compound from two different sides
D + F = G + H ΔH = -132
Answer: -64.1 kJ.
Explanation:
According to first law of thermodynamics:
=Change in internal energy
q = heat absorbed or released
w = work done or by the system
w = work done by the system=
{Work is done by the system is negative as the final volume is greater than initial volume}
w = -855 Joules = 0.855 kJ (1kJ=1000J)
q = -65.0 kJ {Heat released by the system is negative}
Thus the change internal energy (ΔE) for a system that is giving off 65.0 kJ of heat and is performing 855 J of work on the surroundings is -64.1 kJ.
Answer: Alkali metals, group 1
Explanation: Group 1 means 1 valence electron. This group is called alkali metals, which indicates that it is a metal. They are highly reactive because only 1 electron needs to move to bond with something (since it only has 1 valence electron)
