Answer: option A) conditional statement.
Explanation:
A conditional statement is an <em>if - then</em> stamentent that relates a hypothesis and conclusion. The hypothesis is the part that comes right after the <em>if</em> and before the <em>then</em>, and the conclusion is the part that comes after the <em>then</em>.
A conditional statement is symbolized by the form A → B, which is understood as:
- if A then B
- A is the hypothesis
- B is the conclusion.
This simple statement is a very powerful tool in logic, because it means that, if the conditional statment is true, whenever A is stated true, then the conclusion B is necessarily true.
This is, given A → B, you see that truth of A is a enough condition to prove the truth of B, and the truth of B is a necessary condition to state the truth of A.