Question

Analyze Menes' decision to make Memphis the capital of Egypt. Why do you think he decided on that location instead of another great city, such as Thebes or Heliopolis?

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

There were several cities that Menes could have chosen to be the first capital of a unified Egypt. Thebes had been the capital of Upper Egypt and its location was closer to the Nubian border, so it could have offered more protection against southern invasions. Heliopolis, which stood where Cairo does today, was located in the Nile Delta and was more accessible to the Mediterranean Sea. Perhaps the reason that Memphis was chosen was because it was located below the delta and was the border city that separated Upper and Lower Egypt. It was more centrally located on the Nile, where it would be easier for the pharaoh to maintain control of the empire.

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Answer 2

Memphis, city and capital of ancient Egypt and an important centre during much of Egyptian history. Memphis is located south of the Nile River delta, on the west bank of the river, and about 15 miles (24 km) south of modern Cairo. Closely associated with the ancient city’s site are the cemeteries, or necropolises, of Memphis, where the famous pyramids of Egypt are located. From north to south the main pyramid fields are: Abū Ruwaysh, Giza, Zāwiyat al-ʿAryān, Abū Ṣīr, Ṣaqqārah, and Dahshūr. The Memphis archaeological zone was designated a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1979.