Answer:
Gas ⟶ liquid (condensation)
Explanation:
If the molecules are far apart, they are in the gas phase.
As the temperature drops, the molecules lose kinetic energy.
They can no longer escape the attractive forces between them and their neighbours, so they stick together and form a liquid.
The most likely change of state is gas ⟶ liquid (condensation).
700 mL ....................
Solution :
The mass percent of NaNO₃ is 18.60% .
To Find :
The mass percent of a solution that is composed of 8.00 g NaNO3 dissolved in 35.0 g of water.
Solution :
Mass percentage is given as :
![Mass \ percentage = \dfrac{mass\ of \ chemical}{total \ mass \ of \ compound}\\\\Mass \ percentage = \dfrac{8}{(8+35)} \times 100 \%\\\\Mass \ percentage = 18.60 \%](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=Mass%20%5C%20percentage%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7Bmass%5C%20of%20%5C%20%20chemical%7D%7Btotal%20%5C%20mass%20%5C%20of%20%5C%20compound%7D%5C%5C%5C%5CMass%20%5C%20percentage%20%3D%20%5Cdfrac%7B8%7D%7B%288%2B35%29%7D%20%5Ctimes%20100%20%5C%25%5C%5C%5C%5CMass%20%5C%20percentage%20%3D%2018.60%20%5C%25)
Therefore, the mass percentage of NaNO₃ is 18.60% .
The formatting of the question is a bit scrambled: I'm not sure if there are separate steps that have been unintentionally consolidated into a seemingly discrete step, nor am I sure which letters actually correspond with which step(s). So, for clarity's sake, I treated every sentence as its own step and arranged all of them accordingly. Hopefully, you can then reorganize them according to the labeled steps as you have been provided.
- Suspend a separatory funnel using an iron ring and ring stand.
- Make sure the stopcock is closed.
- Transfer the organic (dichloromethane) layer to the funnel.
- Add an equivalent volume of aqueous acid to the dichloromethane layer in the separatory funnel.
- Cap the separatory funnel with a glass or Teflon stopper.
- Remove the funnel from the iron ring and shake vigorously to mix the layers, periodically venting to release pressure.
- Place the separatory funnel back in the Iron ring.
- Allow the layers to physically separate in the funnel.
- Remove the cap.
- Drain the bottom layer into a labeled beaker.
- Label the beaker "Organic Layer".
- Drain the remaining liquid into a labeled beaker.
- Label this beaker "Aqueous Layer".
- Transfer the "Organic Layer" back to the empty separatory funnel.
- Repeat all steps.
Notes:
- The letters have been replaced with numbers only to clarify the order of the steps. No changes were made to the steps themselves, including any stylistic errors.
- A <em>very few</em> set of sequential steps might be interchangeable, but the steps as separated and organized above is in accordance with standard liquid-liquid extraction protocol.
- Determining which layers are the "organic" and "aqueous" layers (i.e., whether the organic/aqueous layer, or vice-versa, is on the bottom/top ) is a nontrivial step; for this reason, when actually doing such extractions, the beakers (or whatever vessel) into which the layers are drained at any step are sometimes labeled "top layer" and "bottom layer" in case you misidentify which layers are, in fact, the organic and aqueous layers. Oftentimes, the organic layer is on top of the aqueous layer as many common organic solvents are less dense than water. Halogenated organic solvents, like dichloromethane, are one of the exceptions, and so will generally comprise the bottom layer.