Answer:
us humans need a balanced ecosystem because its what keeps us alive. when having a balanced ecosystem we have cleaned water, purified air, maintained soil, regulates our climate, recycles nutrients, and provides us with food.
Answer:
C. Mendel hypothesized that the traits of pea plant offspring are inherited.
Explanation:
A. After years of research, Mendel identified the genes for flower colors. False. During Mendel's research, genes were not yet discovered.
B. Mendel bred various dog breeds to discover the science of genetics. False. Mendel worked with pea plants, not dogs.
C. Mendel hypothesized that the traits of pea plant offspring are inherited. True. Mendel uncovered the main principles of the inheritance of simple traits.
D. Using Punnett squares, Mendel developed the principles of genetics. False. The Punnett square was invented by Reginald C. Punnett,
Injecting.
smoking.
inhaling.
snorting.
swallowing.
Answer:
option d
Explanation:
Meiosis stage was formerly called the reduction stage involving two divisions; meiosis I and II. After the first stage of meiosis, the ploidy level of each of the daughter cell changes is in an haploid state, meaning here the DNA content has been reduced by half. In humans (2n = 46), who have 23 pairs of chromosomes, the number of chromosomes is reduced by half at the end of meiosis I (n = 23). This haploid state is still maintained by the meiosis II just undergoing the normal mitosis division.
Answer:
All the given statements are correct except b.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) refers to the ability of a microorganism to grow in the presence of drug or a chemical that would normally limit its growth or kill it.
It makes it difficult for the existing drugs to eliminate the infection as they become less effective against the microbe.
There are five major mechanisms by which a microbe attains resistance against antimicrobial chemical or drug:
- Drug modification or inactivation: A microbial enzyme inactivates the antimicrobial agent. For example, few bacteria produce β-lactamases which provide multi-resistance against β-lactam antibiotics such as penicillin, cephalosporin etc.
- Alteration or modification of target site: An altered target site prevents the antimicrobial agent from binding to its target. For example, alteration of penicillin binding protein (PBP) in Methicillin-resistant <em>Staphylococcus aureus </em>(MRSA).
- Alteration of metabolic pathway: The microbe uses an alternative pathway to circumvent the blocked pathway. For example, sulfonamides-resistant bacteria started using preformed folic acid in place of para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA).
- Decreased drug accumulation: Microbial efflux pumps remove the antimicrobial agent (before it could do any damage) by pumping it out of the cell.
- Decrease in cell permeability: The permeability of the microbial envelope to the antimicrobial agent is decreased
