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Mademuasel [1]
3 years ago
15

Which molecules of the adaptive defense system provide humoral immunity by circulating freely in the blood and lymph, where they

bind to extracellular antigens and inactivate them and mark them for destruction?
Biology
1 answer:
alisha [4.7K]3 years ago
5 0

Answer:

Adaptive immune defense system consists of lymphocytes like B-lymphocytes and T- lymphocytes. B-lymphocytes provides humoral immunity while T- lymphocytes provide cell-mediated immunity to the body.

99% of lymphocytes circulate freely in the blood and lymph. B lymphocytes differentiate into plasma B cells and B memory cells when interact with antigen presented by T helper cells.  

Then plasma cells secrete antibodies in the circulation which binds to extracellular antigens through antigen-binding site. Then the bounded antigen is recognized by receptors present on phagocytic cells. This receptor binds the Fc region of antigen bounded antibody and destroy the antigen by phagocytosis.

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Cells are surrounded by a watery fluid, and they contain watery cytoplasm. Explain how the structure of the lipid bilayer is rel
Mila [183]
The phospholipid no later regulates the amount of water that travels in and out of the cell.
5 0
3 years ago
If light strikes one receptor, the net effect is to ________ the nearest bipolar cell and ________ other bipolar cells to the si
mrs_skeptik [129]

If light strikes one receptor, the net effect is to excite the nearest bipolar cell and inhibit other bipolar cells to the side because of the contributions from horizontal cells.

<u>Explanation:</u>

On striking the receptor with light, the nearest bipolar cells respond to the light at the most inside the circumference. The bipolar cells which are outside the circumference responds least to the phenomena. Overall, the net effect thereby when seen, is to excite the nearest bipolar cells.

By the excitement of nearest bipolar cells, other farther cells are inhibited as a result as the horizontal cells are also excited and they contribute to inhibit the bipolar cells which are not near to the receptor cells in the eyes.

4 0
3 years ago
A woman is admitted to the labor suite with contractions every 5 minutes lasting 1 minute. she is postterm and has oligohydramni
Contact [7]

In that situation the risk of cord compression during the child birth. Serious umbilical cord problems can result in brain damage or the death of baby.

Umbilical cord occurs when the baby weight on the placenta or the vaginal walls put pressure on the cord during pregnancy labor or delivery. Cord compression during pregnancy is common problem. Sing of umbilical cord compression may include less activity form the bay observed as a decrease in movement or an irregular heart beats.

Umbilical cord compression is a medical term used to describe a condition in which a baby's umbilical cord becomes flattened by pressure of the baby.

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5 0
2 years ago
DNA replication occurs during which phase of the eukaryotic cell cycle?
wariber [46]

In eukaryotic cells the DNA can be found in the nucleus mainly. so DNA replication takes place in the nucleus during the S phase of the cell cycle.

Also in eukaryotic cells there are mitochondria and chloroplasts (plants) and these have circular DNA and they also get replicated (according to their own mechanism).

Prokaryotic cells don't contain a nucleus. They do not contain DNA in the cytoplasm and thus the DNA replication will take place here.

I really hope this helps!

3 0
3 years ago
A researcher discovers a new prokaryote that lives on the seafloor near hydrothermal vents. This organism reduces CO2 to form C6
expeople1 [14]

Answer:

D. Chemoautotrophs

Explanation:

Autotrophs in plain are organisms that synthesize their own food while hetrotrophs are organisms that do not synthesize their own food.

Chemotrophs (Chemoautotrophs and Chemohetrotrophs) are a group of organisms that obtain their energy through the oxidation of inorganic molecules, These organisms require carbon to survive and reproduce.

Chemoautotrophs are able to produce inorganic molecules by the fixation of CO2 from their immediate environment. The energy required for this process is got from Nitrogen, Magnesium, Sulphur etc.

Chemohetrotrophs are a class of chemotrophs that are unable to synthesize their own food but rather ingest complex molecules like carbohydrates from the environment.

Phototrophs are a group of organisms unlike chemotrophs that depend on the source of light or sunlight for synthesizing its food or organic molecules.

Photoautotrophs are basically photosynthetic plants which are able to carry out photosynthesis ie the conversion of CO2 and H2O to give Glucose and Oxygen in the presence of sunlight.

Photohetrotrophs are a class of organisms that do not synthesize their own food but rely on other organisms or already made organic molecules.

5 0
3 years ago
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