Answer:
thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable.
Explanation:
The complete question is as follows:
Under physiological conditions, peptide bond formation and degradation both require enzymes, but only formation requires coupling to GTP hydrolysis. Based on this information, peptide bonds under physiological conditions are:
A. both thermodynamically and kinetically stable.
B.thermodynamically unstable but kinetically stable.
C.thermodynamically stable but kinetically unstable.
D. both thermodynamically and kinetically unstable.
- The term thermodynamically unstable refers to the fact that the peptide bonds are prone to breakage under physiological conditions.
- The reason why one can conclude the thermodynamic instability of the peptide bonds under physiological condition is that there is a need for a source of energy i.e. GTP hydrolysis for the formation of the peptide bond.
- The fact that the breakage of peptide does not require any input of energy but the only formation does confirms the fact that under physiological conditions they are thermodynamically unstable.
- Even though they are thermodynamically unstable, they are kinetically stable because both the formation and degradation require enzymes.
- The function of enzymes is to decrease the activation energy and hence, increase the rate of reaction. This means that if the enzymes are absent the rate of breakage of peptide bonds would be really slow this points out to the fact that they are kinetically stable under physiological conditions.
<span>The pH of the matrix increases and the pH of the inter membrane cell decreases
</span>
The reason behind this is the presence of the electron transport chain within the mitochondria which requires the transport of hydrogen ions. The movement of hydrogen ions results in varying pH. If the mitochondria dies, the hydrogen ions will not move into the matrix, causing its pH to increase, and they will build up in the inter membrane causing a decrease in pH.
the specific gravity of
pure sulfuric acid is---------> approximately 1.835 g / cm3
the specific gravity of
water is -------------------- >1.000 g / cm3.
The electrolyte, that
is, the dissolution of sulfuric acid in water, is usually at a rate of 36%
acid, so that, in a fully charged element, we can deduce the electrolyte
density, is 1.295 g / cm3. (see attached table)
The specific gravity is
actually the difference in the weight of water compared to a specific fluid. It
is measured with a hydrometer
B. Gene expression is in them is similar to us but facilitates the use of bacteria in recombiant biotechnology and gene therapy.
We human have eukaryotic cells which have a devoloped nucleas whereas small bacteria have prokaryotic cells with no definite nucleus using more biotechnology. Other all are not true.
Answer:
C
Explanation:
When plant cells take in water, the vacuole swells. A swollen vacuole indicates the plant cell has all the water it needs. This suggests that the plant is taking in water and is maintaining optimum conditions. This is an example of homeostasis.
If the cells burst apart, as in A and E, this would suggest the cell is not properly maintaining homeostasis, as the cell bursting suggests something has gone badly wrong. This suggests the cell has taken in too much water; the cell has not been able to maintain homeostasis and regulate water uptake to prevent this from happening.
In the reverse case, where the cells shrink apart (as in B), the cell would also not be properly maintaining homeostasis by failing to bring enough water into the cell to maintain a turgid state. This is also damaging for the cells.
Finally, D and E can also not be correct, because water can cross the cell membrane, and does not need to be pumped in or sent out by endocytosis.
