<h2>DNA </h2>
Explanation:
1) Experiment done by Griffith:
- Griffith used two related strains of bacteria, known as R and S
- R bacteria were nonvirulent, meaning that they did not cause sickness when injected into a mouse whereas mice injected with live S bacteria developed pneumonia and died
- Griffith tried injecting mice with heat-killed S bacteria (that is, S bacteria that had been heated to high temperatures, causing the cells to die), the heat-killed S bacteria did not cause disease in mice
- When harmless R bacteria were combined with harmless heat-killed S bacteria and injected into a mouse, not only did the mouse developed disease and died, but when Griffith took a blood sample from the dead mouse, he found that it contained living S bacteria
- Griffith concluded that the R-strain bacteria must have taken up what he called a transforming principle from the heat-killed S bacteria, which allowed them to transform into smooth-coated bacteria and become virulent
2) Experiment done by Avery:
- Avery, McCarty and MacLeod set out to identify Griffith's transforming principle
- They began with large cultures of heat-killed S cells and, through a long series of biochemical steps progressively purified the transforming principle by washing away, separating out, or enzymatically destroying the other cellular components
- These results all pointed to DNA as the likely transforming principle but Avery was cautious in interpreting his results
- He realized that it was still possible that some contaminating substance present in small amounts, not DNA, was the actual transforming principle
3) Experiment done by Hershey and Chase:
- Hershey and Chase studied bacteriophage, or viruses that attack bacteria
- The phages they used were simple particles composed of protein and DNA, with the outer structures made of protein and the inner core consisting of DNA
- Hershey and Chase concluded that DNA, not protein, was injected into host cells and made up the genetic material of the phage
Hydrophilic heads, hyrdophobic tails. Heads are made of phosphate and the tails are made of lipids.
Answer:
The theory of aging evolution
Explanation:
The theory of aging evolution seeks to investigate the reasons why living beings begin a degeneration process at a certain age, among the various theories proposed is that of <em>Peter Brian Medawar</em> proposed in 1952, who claimed that natural selection avoided these mutations malignant <em>during the reproductive stage</em> to avoid the reduction of the population, however once this stage concluded the selection allowed them to manifest themselves.
Answer: Alejo Carpentier
Explanation:
“The term magic realism is a relatively recent designation, first applied in the 1940s by Cuban novelist Alejo Carpentier, who recognized this characteristic in much Latin-American literature”(Brittanica).
