Life drastically changed for African Americans after the Civil War. For one, they were now free -- after Lincoln freed the slaves in his Emancipation Proclamation. In the years that followed, little by little, freedoms were given. The black codes were overturned, and African Americans could vote and raise their families. But discrimination in the South was still relevant, and treatment towards African Americans in the former Confederate states worsened.
In the 1920s, many rural banks failed because banks had speculated in stocks. This in turn, led to failure of such banks and then soon after the Great Depression followed.
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