Determine which of the following items is a better buy:

Mathematics

1 answer:

DanielleElmas [232]4 years ago

5 0

Answer:

10 ounces

Step-by-step explanation:

Divide both sides by 10. You get 0.556 oz for 1 oz. For the other, it is 0.66. Thus, the 10 oz is better.

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A lab animal may eat any one of three foods each day. Laboratory records show that if the animal chooses one food on one trial,

Tresset [83]

Answer:

The probability that it will choose food #2 on the second trial after the initial trial = 0.3125

Step-by-step explanation:

Given - A lab animal may eat any one of three foods each day. Laboratory records show that if the animal chooses one food on one trial, it will choose the same food on the next trial with a probability of 50%, and it will choose the other foods on the next trial with equal probabilities of 25%.

To find - If the animal chooses food #1 on an initial trial, what is the probability that it will choose food #2 on the second trial after the initial trial?

Proof -

By the given information, we get the stohastic matrix

$H = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.5&0.25&0.25\\0.25&0.5&0.25\\0.25&0.25&0.5\end{array}\right]$

As we know that,

The matrix is a Markov chain $x_{k+1} = Hx_{k}$

Let

The initial state vector be

$x_{0} = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}1\\0\\0\end{array}\right]$

we choose this initial vector because given that If the animal chooses food #1 on an initial trial.

Now,

$x_{1} = Hx_{0} \\ = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.5&0.25&0.25\\0.25&0.5&0.25\\0.25&0.25&0.5\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1\\0\\0\end{array}\right] \\= \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.5\\0.25\\0.25\end{array}\right]$

∴ we get

$x_{1} = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.5\\0.25\\0.25\end{array}\right]$

Now,

$x_{2} = Hx_{1} \\ = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.5&0.25&0.25\\0.25&0.5&0.25\\0.25&0.25&0.5\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.5\\0.25\\0.25\end{array}\right] \\= \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.25+0.0625+0.0625\\0.125+0.125+0.0625\\0.125+0.0625+0.125\end{array}\right]\\= \left[\begin{array}{ccc}0.375\\0.3125\\0.3125\end{array}\right]$