the answer to your question should be 4.Allergens
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I think that the physician and the medical assistant, Meredith, have an equal part of responsibility. Meredith because you are trained and know that you should always document the correct vital signs every time and for every patient, especially blood pressure. If she was having a problem getting a correct reading, she should have asked for help from another assistant in the office or have tried another sphygmomanometer. Also she did not review Mr. Wallace's file and I assume she didn't ask what was the cause of visit.
A kind of trigger that is an effect which reminds a person of their habits and increases their desire for a substance is called:
D. External trigger
People, activities, places, and objects that elicit thoughts or cravings associated with substance use are examples of the external trigger.
I believe the answer would be d.muscle cramps. Breathing in toxins seems like it could relate to the other three answers.