The correct answer is letter D.
Preparedness if often linked to the concept of learned helplessness. This is the common adaptive behavior of humans or organisms to certain experiences that have happened before. Usually it is a repeated painful stimuli that an organism has endured many times, which then when presented again, enables the organism to escape or avoid the situation. In essence, the stimulus is familiar, hence, the organism learns how to prepare for the outcome or consequence.
In fact, this function of prices may be analyzed into three separate functions. First, prices determine what goods are to be produced and in what quantities; second, they determine how the goods are to be produced; and third, they determine who will get the goods.
The answer is A for your question
A student studied very hard in order to get a good grade. it worked. the good grade is an example of a positive reinforcement group of answer choices.
In behavioral psychology, reinforcement is an applied result that reinforces the future behavior of an organism when that behavior is preceded by a particular antecedent stimulus. This reinforcing effect can be measured as higher action frequency, longer duration, greater intensity, or shorter latency.
Reinforcements can include anything that reinforces or reinforces the behavior. 3 In the classroom, forms of reinforcement may include, for example, praising, discouraging students from unnecessary chores, offering token rewards, candy, extra playtime, or fun activities.
Learn more about reinforcement here
brainly.com/question/15103927
#SPJ4
