<span>Sparta is most commonly known today as the militaristic rival of enlightened Athens in ancient Greece. It is remembered for its military accomplishments particularly the heroic defense under King Leonidas of the pass at Thermopylae in 480 BC.</span>
Answer:
c. Retrieval
Explanation:
According to psychology, there are three processes involved in human memory:
- Encoding: this is the first step in the memory process. Encoding helps us to transform items into constructs that will be stored later in our memory.
- Storage: is the process of storing the information that was encoded earlier. It can be stored either in our short-term memory or in our long-term memory.
- Retrieval: This is the process that helps us <u>remember and bring to conscience the information that was stored earlier</u>. The process of retrieval helps us 're-access' to the information that was previously saved in our memory.
In this example, Zachariah found that once he started studying he was able to recall the information he had learned. We can see that t<u>he information was encoded and stored in his memory (otherwise he couldn't have recalled it), </u>therefore, <u>this information that was stored earlier was bring to conscience and he could "re-access" this information</u>, thus the main memory process that accounts for the fact that Zachariah could access and utilize the information in his memory is retrieval.
Answer: Frame of reference
Explanation: A frame of reference could be referred to a set of ideas, assumption, schemas, values or belief on which an individual's decision, understanding or judgement is based. The frame of reference might introduces bias into an individual's understanding or judgement as the frame of reference differs from person to person. This might introduce a sort of bias into a person's concept of understanding by giving or creating meaning to our perception.
Frame of reference could yield breakdown in communication due to differences in belief, experience, assumptions or background of individuals thus, resulting in differences in encoding and interpretation of messages, stimulus or perception.
