If a country imposes a tariff on imported shoes, we expect the domestic price of shoes to rise, domestic consumption to fall, and domestic production to rise.
A levy on imported goods is known as a tariff. The use of an example is the simplest way to explain how it operates. The US lumber industry is the example we've used throughout this section, and it's continuing below. The domestic equilibrium price and quantity in the domestic market are $1,000 per board foot and 40 million board feet, respectively. PD = $1,000 and QD = 40,000,000 are used to represent this. The world price, or PW, in this instance is significantly less than the local price. While this is not always the case, if PW is higher than PD, there is no reason to import (This model assumes that imports are identical to domestic products in every respect except for price).
American customers will buy a lot more lumber if they can obtain imports for as little as $400. The number of units they will be demanded will rise to 70 million (40 million more than the domestic equilibrium). With the improved accessibility to inexpensive lumber, these consumers are vastly better off.
The imports, on the other hand, cause domestic producers to lose a significant amount of surplus. Previously, they could have provided 40 million board feet of lumber for $1,000, but now they can only provide 10 million. This is due to the fact that many domestic companies will either exit the market or reduce production since they can no longer compete with the foreign production.
60 million board feet of lumber are imported from Canada out of a total production of 70 million board feet, 10 million of which are produced domestically.
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