Answer:
I don't know what do u. mean
Answer:
<em>To reverse the direction of an electric current, we simply reverse the voltage either automatically with the help of some switching circuitry or manually by changing the voltage source terminals connection. </em>
Explanation:
For electric current to flow, there must be a potential difference, usually referred to as the voltage. The electric current flow is analogous to the flow of water under the action of a pump, through a series of pipe connections. The voltage is similar to the driving action of the pump, and current flows the same way water flows. The resistance due to drag on the pipe wall is equivalent to electric resistance. For current to flow in the reverse direction, the voltage or rather, the potential difference is changed, causing the current to flow in the opposite direction. This can be done by switching the terminals of the voltage source, or by automatic means. The automatic switching can be done with a transistor based circuitry.
Answer:
a) For y = 102 mA, R = 98.039 ohms
For y = 97 mA, R = 103.09 ohms
b) Check explanatios for b
Explanation:
Applied voltage, V = 10 V
For the first measurement, current 
According to ohm's law, V = IR
R = V/I
Here, 
For the second measurement, current 
b) ![y = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}y_{1} &y_{2} \end{array}\right] ^{T}](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=y%20%3D%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7Dy_%7B1%7D%20%26y_%7B2%7D%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D%20%5E%7BT%7D)
![y = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}y_{1} \\y_{2} \end{array}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=y%20%3D%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7Dy_%7B1%7D%20%5C%5Cy_%7B2%7D%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D)
![y = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}102*10^{-3} \\97*10^{-3} \end{array}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=y%20%3D%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7D102%2A10%5E%7B-3%7D%20%5C%5C97%2A10%5E%7B-3%7D%20%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D)
A linear equation is of the form y = Gx
The nominal value of the resistance = 100 ohms
![x = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}100\end{array}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=x%20%3D%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7D100%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D)
![\left[\begin{array}{ccc}102*10^{-3} \\97*10^{-3} \end{array}\right] = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}G_{1} \\G_{2} \end{array}\right] \left[\begin{array}{ccc}100\end{array}\right]\\\left[\begin{array}{ccc}G_{1} \\G_{2} \end{array}\right] = \left[\begin{array}{ccc}102*10^{-5} \\97*10^{-5} \end{array}\right]](https://tex.z-dn.net/?f=%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7D102%2A10%5E%7B-3%7D%20%5C%5C97%2A10%5E%7B-3%7D%20%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D%20%3D%20%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7DG_%7B1%7D%20%5C%5CG_%7B2%7D%20%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7D100%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D%5C%5C%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7DG_%7B1%7D%20%5C%5CG_%7B2%7D%20%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D%20%3D%20%20%5Cleft%5B%5Cbegin%7Barray%7D%7Bccc%7D102%2A10%5E%7B-5%7D%20%5C%5C97%2A10%5E%7B-5%7D%20%20%5Cend%7Barray%7D%5Cright%5D)
If the velocity of the train is v=s/t, where s is the distance and t is time, then v=400/5=80m/s. To get the vertical component of the velocity we need to multiply the velocity v with a sin(α): Vv=v*sin(α), where Vv is the vertical component of the velocity and α is the angle with the horizontal. So:
Vv=80*sin(10)=80*0.1736=13.888 m/s.
So the vertical component of the velocity of the train is Vv=13.888 m/s.
Answer:
White dwarfs are likely to be much more common. The number of stars decreases with increasing mass, and only the most massive stars are likely to complete their lives as black holes. There are many more stars of the masses appropriate for evolution to a white dwarf.
