Answer:
a. substantia nigra
b. substantia nigra (it is repeated)
Explanation:
Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is caused by the death of neurons that release the neurotransmitter dopamine in the <u>substantia nigra</u>, or locus niger, -a region of the brain that regulates brain circuits that give the 'orders' to initiate voluntary movements- .
The lack of this neurotransmitter leads to the occurrence of the main symptoms suffered by patients: decreased movements, muscle stiffness, postural instability and tremor. These failures are generated by the abnormal way in which neurons work in the absence of dopamine through a mechanism that is not known in depth.
It is the second most frequent neurodegenerative disease, after Alzheimer's disease, with a prevalence of 2% in people over 65 years. The characteristic symptoms of stiffness, bradykinesia and tremor are associated with losses of neurons in the substantia nigra and dopamine depletion in the striatum. There are large cytoplasmic inclusions, called Lewy bodies, which are the pathological mark of the disease and appear predominantly in neurons that contain melanin of the nigra substance. Genetic studies in a subgroup of families with Parkinson's disease with autosomal dominant inheritance found a locus on chromosome 4q-21 23 and a mutation in the gene that encodes a synaptic protein, α-synuclein.
<span>the leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction. </span>
They convert a lot of their waste into useful substances through photosynthesis. Gaseous wastes are excreted during respiration through the plant's stomata and root cell walls. At night, when photosynthesis cannot occur, excess water is released through the tips of the leaves.
Other waste products are released as leaves and flowers fall off of a plant. In addition to oxygen, water and carbon dioxide, other plant waste products include resins, saps, latex and tannins. Some of these products are released into the soil surrounding the plant.
Answer:
Explanation:
Around every blood vessel
