In anova, by dividing the mean square between groups by the mean square within groups, a(n) Analysis of variance statistic is computed.
What is Analysis of variance ?
- With the help of the statistical analysis approach known as ANOVA, apparent aggregate variability within a data set is explained by separating systematic components from random factors.
- Systematic influences, but not random ones, statistically affect the data set that is being presented.
What are some instances where ANOVA has been applied?
- An ANOVA demonstrates the link between the dependent variable and the level of the independent variable.
- For illustration: In order to determine whether there is a difference in the number of hours of sleep each night as your independent variable, you divide the groups into low, medium, and high social media use categories.
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What will the radius of your cake be?
This is a problem of geometry. Given that the cake is circular, the greater the cake the greater the radius of it. So, as shown in the figure 1, the radius will be the distance from the center to any extreme point of the circle.
How many slices will you be able to cut?
The total area of a circle is given by:
We need to fin how many slices will be cut, so let's calculate the area of the circular sector which can be obtained simply applying rule of three, so:
Let's name n the number of slices, if we divide the total area by n this result, each area must equal, then:
Finally, we will be able to cut:
Slices
The piece-wise linear functions can be written as follows:
- .
- .
- .
<h3>What is a linear function?</h3>
A linear function is modeled by:
y = mx + b
In which:
- m is the slope, which is the rate of change, that is, by how much y changes when x changes by 1.
- b is the y-intercept, which is the value of y when x = 0, and can also be interpreted as the initial value of the function.
For x equal or less than -2, the line passes through (-3,-3) and (-2,-2), hence the rule is:
.
For x greater than -2 up to 1, the y-intercept is of -7, and the line also passes through (1,-8), hence the rule is:
.
For x greater than 1, the function goes through (2,-5) and (3,-3), hence the slope is:
m = (-3 - (-5))(3 - 2) = 2.
The rule is:
y = 2x + b.
When x = 2, y = -5, hence:
-5 = 2(2) + b
b = -9.
Hence:
.
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Using the t-distribution to build the 99% confidence interval, it is found that:
- The margin of error is of 3.64.
- The 99% confidence interval for the population mean is (19.36, 26.64).
<h3>What is a t-distribution confidence interval?</h3>
The confidence interval is:
In which:
- is the sample mean.
- s is the standard deviation for the sample.
The critical value, using a t-distribution calculator, for a two-tailed 95% confidence interval, with 21 - 1 = 20 df, is t = 2.086.
The other parameters are given as follows:
The margin of error is given by:
Hence the bounds of the interval are:
The 99% confidence interval for the population mean is (19.36, 26.64).
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