Answer:
In order to be useful in treating human infections, antibiotics must selectively target bacteria for eradication and not the cells of its human host. Indeed, modern antibiotics act either on processes that are unique to bacteria--such as the synthesis of cell walls or folic acid--or on bacterium-specific targets within processes that are common to both bacterium and human cells, including protein or DNA replication. Following are some examples.
Most bacteria produce a cell wall that is composed partly of a macromolecule called peptidoglycan, itself made up of amino sugars and short peptides. Human cells do not make or need peptidoglycan. Penicillin, one of the first antibiotics to be used widely, prevents the final cross-linking step, or transpeptidation, in assembly of this macromolecule. The result is a very fragile cell wall that bursts, killing the bacterium. No harm comes to the human host because penicillin does not inhibit any biochemical process that goes on within us.
hope this helps :) can i get brainliest?
Explanation:
Answer: Option C) Root hairs have an elongated shape that increases the surface area-to-volume ratio.
Explanation:
The larger surface area-to-volume ratio of root hairs enables them to rapidly absorped water molecules and nutrients along their elongated shape while aiding their upward transport from the root up the shoot (through the xylem vessels).
Answer:
C
Explanation:
It's essentially just selective breeding and like the equivalent to people breeding dogs for certain traits
organisms are always in competition for resources such as food and water or simply just for space.
You have given no demonstration based on your microscopic investigation so I cant tell you the answer to the question. I will try to help you by elaborating how to decipher..
Three terms hypotonic, hypertonic and isotonic are used when referring to two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane.
The hypertonic solution has a great concentration of OAS than the solution on the other side of the membrane. It is described, therefore, as having a great osmolarity. The hypotonic solution has a lower concentration of OAS, or osmolarity, than the solution on the other side of the membrane. When the two solutions are at an equilibrium, the concentration of OAS being equal on both sides of the membrane, the osmolarities are equal and are said to be isotonic.
The net flow of water is from the hypotonic to the hypertonic solution. When the solutions are isotonic, there is no net flow of water across the membrane.
If red blood cells are placed in a solution with a lower solute concentration than is found in the cells, water moves into the cells by osmosis, causing the cells to swell; such a solution is hypotonic to the cells.
So, look at the information and data you have on your microscopic investigation and use these guidelines to tell you which is which.
