Question

A typical eukaryotic cell that has an abundant supply of glucose and O2 will generate a proton gradient in its mitochondria by ____ that is used primarily for ____.

Answer 1

Answer:

A typical eukaryotic cell that has an abundant supply of glucose and O2 will generate a proton gradient in its mitochondria by the electron transport chain that is used primarily for chemiosmosis

Explanation:

Some terms explained

Eukaryotic cells are cells that contain a nucleus and organelles, and are enclosed by a plasma membrane and whose DNA is bound together by proteins into well-defined chromosomes (bodies containing the hereditary material). Examples of eukaryotic cells are plants, animals, protists, fungi.

Chemiosmosis is the movement of ions across a membrane and it takes place in the mitochondria during cellular respiration and in the chloroplasts during photosynthesis, it is the method which cells use to create ATP (adenosine triphosphate) which is the main molecule used for energy by the cell. Mitochondria generate most of the ATP in cells driven by the proton flow across the inner membrane by a process called chemiosmosis. The free energy from the series of reactions that make up the electron transport chain is used to pump hydrogen ions across the membrane, this energy allows protons (H+) to travel down a proton gradient via chemiosmosis.

Mitochondria are specialized organelles present in the cells of animals, plants and fungi that produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP).