Two daughter cells each having the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell, are formed by the process termed as mitosis.
Further Explanation:
Mitosis is a kind of cell division. In this, parental cell divides into two daughter cells which have the same number of chromosomes as that of the parent cell. Mitosis is comprised of four different stages:
1. Prophase: During this phase, the condensation of the chromosomes takes place and these chromosomes become visible. Spindle fibers formation takes place, breakdown of the nuclear envelope, and nucleolus disappear.
2. Metaphase: During this phase, the development of spindle fibers is completed and centrosomes are found at the opposite terminals of the cell. The chromosomes line up at the metaphase plate. Each of the sister chromatids is linked to the spindle fiber starting from the opposite poles.
3. Anaphase: During this phase, the cohesion proteins link with the sister chromatids and split them down. The sister chromatids are pulled towards the opposite terminals of the cell and the non-kinetochore spindle fibers mainly lengthen and elongate the cell.
4. Telophase: During this last phase, the chromosomes arrive at the opposite terminals and start to decondense. Nuclear envelope reappears and breaks down of spindle fiber. This marks the end of the mitosis.
The end phase of the cell cycle is called cytokinesis wherein the cleavage furrow occurs are segregates the daughter cells. In-plant cells, the cell plate is responsible for the segregation of the daughter cells.
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Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Cell Cycle
Keywords:
Telophase, cytokinesis, segregation, anaphase, metaphase, prophase, chromosome, daughter cells, cell cycle, mitosis.