Answer:
According to Fick's law, the rate of diffusion of any substance across any barrier is<u> directly proportional to the surface area of the membrane or any layer exposed. and the concentration of the diffusing substance available, but the rate is inversely proportional to the diffusion distance available.</u>
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Thus the rate at which oxygen will move across the phospholipid bilayer will depend on the concentration or amount per mole of the oxygen molecule hitting the phopholipid at a prticular time and how permeable the phospholipd layer is to oxygen molecules, but the rate of its movement across will be reduced as the distance between the phosphoslipid bilayer and the diffusing molecules increases.
Therefore, the concentration of oxygen should be maximised, the surface area of the phospholipid bilayer should also be maximized. the distances between the phopholipid and the vessel containing the diffusing oxygen molecules should be drastically reduced. With this Fick's law has been applied , and therefore maximum oxygen molecules can diffuse across.
Explanation:
C. Permafrost
Permafrost is the layer beneath the "active layer". The active layer consists of soil that freezes and thaws every year. However, the requirement for permafrost is that it be frozen for two or more years consecutively. This is why permafrost exists in cold environments such as tundras.
Answer:
Both climate change and humans were responsible for the extinction of some large mammals, according to research that is the first of its kind to use genetic, archeological, and climatic data together to infer the population history of large Ice Age mammals.
Explanation:
These changes are likely genetic mutations
<h2>Further Explanation
</h2>
Evolution is the process of change in all life forms from one generation to the next, and evolutionary biology studies how this evolution takes place. Every generation of organisms inherits traits owned by their parents through genes. <u><em>Changes (called mutations)</em></u> in this gene will produce new traits in the offspring of an organism. In an organism's population, some traits will become more common, while others will disappear. traits that help the survival and reproduction of organisms will be more likely to accumulate in a population than unfavorable traits. This process is called natural selection. The income of more offspring than the number of parents along with the inheritance of these traits is an additional fact about life that supports the scientific basis of natural selection. In a long time, this isolated population will become a new species.
Learn more
Genetic mutation brainly.com/question/793485
Evolution brainly.com/question/312738
Details
Class: Middle School
Subject: Biology
Keywords: Genetic mutation, evolution
