The overall rate law in terms of the initial rate of the reaction is:
=
The Sulfonation of benzene has the following mechanism:
(1) ⇌
[fast]
(2) →
[slow]
(3) →
[fast]
(4) →
[fast]
<h3>Calculation of rate law:</h3>Given that the reaction's slowest step is the rate-dependent step, the following is the definition of rate law:
Rate =
However, the issue is that because is an intermediate, it cannot be accounted for in the general rate legislation.
The following rate rule governs the synthesis of :
Rate =
Consequently, if we replace equation 1 with equation 2,
Rate is determined to be =
Hence, the overall rate law in terms of the initial rate of the reaction is:
=
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