Answer:
a. the marginal costs of damages are steep and the marginal costs of pollution reduction are relatively stable.
Explanation:
Pollution can be defined as the physical degradation or contamination of the environment through an emission of harmful, poisonous and toxic chemical substances.
Offset trading refers to a type of trading system that is typically designed for the realization of more efficient pollution control.
This ultimately implies that, an offset trading is a strategic program that allows emerging business firms to pay existing business firms in order to significantly reduce their emissions or pollutants below a specific standard.
Free market in tradable pollution permits simply means giving manufacturing companies and individuals the legal right to pollution of the environment. For example, XYZ company is purchasing the permit of 500 units of carbon dioxide (CO2) pollution annually, this simply means it is permitted to pollute the environment by 500 units of CO2 annually.
Additionally, a free market in tradable pollution permits has some sort of benefits as companies can resell their unused permits or devise a cheaper means of reducing pollution. It also compensate companies that significantly reduces its pollution of the environment.
A pollution tax can be defined as a type of tax imposed on business firms that causes pollution and damages to the environment. It is also referred to as Pigovian tax which is a tax on goods with negative externality.
Hence, tradable permits when compared with pollution tax are likely to result in less inefficiency, when the marginal costs of damages are steep and the marginal costs of pollution reduction are relatively stable.
Answer:
False. Markets can sometimes fail to reach efficiencies when there are externalities, public goods, monopoly, or serious information asymmetries
Explanation:
Invisible hand (effective allocation of resources in a laissez faire economy) sometimes works because when market function effectively and send correct price as signal of values (to society) to producers.
However, when goods can't be traded on markets (public goods) or its values are not correctly reflected on markets (externalities, information asymmetries) or competition is not ensured (monopoly), markets cannot ensure effective allocation of resources.
- xcorporation announces the launch of its latest headphones on social media websites
-a video featuring xcorporation talking about its new headphones goes viral
Answer:
The Implementation Phase
Explanation:
A marketing plan refers to a a future course of action relating to marketing tactics a firm is planning to employ and specifies the goals and objectives which are to be achieved. It provides direction and guides marketing efforts in a single direction i.e towards attainment of marketing objectives.
A strategic marketing plan is an in-depth marketing plan which specifies the long term marketing strategies, the markets in which the firm shall compete, the target customers and the means to attain marketing goals.
Such a plan incorporates the following phases:
- Analysis : It means situational analyses and assessing organizational strengths and weaknesses and matching them with environmental threats and opportunities.
- Planning: This involves conducting marketing research and product testing and also planning for the price, promotion and distribution of products.
- Implementation: It refers to putting the plans into action and placing the products in the market based upon the distribution channel and markets planned for in previous stages.
- Control: This refers to analyzing sales, profit margins and customer satisfaction. Measuring the deviations against figures as anticipated and making necessary modifications in the marketing strategy accordingly.
In the given case, the video game company had planned well w.r.t it's joint venture and strategy but failed to implement it effectively. This points to the company failing at the implementation phase of the strategic marketing process.
