Answer:
Three different ways in which antiretroviral drugs can prevent the formation of new viruses are:
- Inhibiting the reverse transcriptase enzyme in both nucleoside analogues and non-nucleoside analogues.
- Enzymatic inhibition of integrase enzymes.
- Inhibiting entry by antagonizing CCR5 co-receptors.
Explanation:
Antiretroviral drugs are those used for the treatment of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, making the effect of the virus on the host cell is less and preventing the development of AIDS.
This type of drug has been classified, according to their mechanism of action, being grouped into several families of drugs. Three different ways by which antiretroviral drugs can prevent the formation of virus are:
- <em><u>Inhibition of reverse transcriptase enzyme</u></em><em>: this enzyme is a DNA polymerase capable of forming single strand viral RNA by a process that is reverse to normal DNA to RNA transcription. Its inhibition prevents the formation of viral particles in the host cell. They are divided into nucleoside analogs and non-nucleoside analogs.</em>
- <em><u>Enzymatic Inhibition of Integrase enzymes</u></em><em>: this type of enzyme is contained in the virus, and is capable of causing a retrotranscribed DNA to integrate into the host cell's DNA so that viral replication occurs. Its inhibition prevents the replication process.</em>
- <em><u>Entry inhibitors or antagonists CCR5 co-receptors</u></em><em>: CCr5 is a membrane protein, found on the surface of CD4 T lymphocytes, which facilitates the entry of the virus into the cell. The drug acts as a competitive inhibitor of the viral particle, preventing the entry and infection of the host cell.</em>
The most effective treatments against HIV infection involve the use of two or more types of antiretroviral drugs.
Answer:
-A. Has a large volume of water
-B. Occurs only during a thunderstorm
-C. Occurs quickly
Explanation:
Flooding usually happens when large volumes of rainfall occur in relatively short time periods. Dependent on soil variants, water content, nearby trees growth and density, these are usually enough to cause rivers to overflow their banks and also occur when storms force large volumes of water from the ocean to travel inland. Typically these occur in arid ecosystems, having low average rainfall- the water accumulates in dry regions and saturates the area. Flash floods, in particular, are characterised by their relatively short duration; they typically happen within minutes or hours of due to extra rainfall, broken dams or levees during slow-moving thunderstorms or hurricanes -storms generally include heavy rainfall, lightning and strong winds. Thesephenomena are majorly destructive and can uproot trees, destroy bridges, buildings and other infrastructure while leading to loss of life.
Answer: D.) Low Self-Esteem
Explanation:
Cynthia's back story does not provide any evidence to support that she has too many friends or that she is in too many activities. It explains that she does well in all of her other classes besides Biology, so it is safe to say her lack of confidence is not caused by low intelligence.
So finally, with all of the above in mind, I am lead to the answer being Low Self-esteem. She does not think she is smart enough to pass her course because she is not confident in herself.
Confidence is key!
Answer:
how many people are sick , if only certain populations are affected , and where the infected people live
Explanation:
it would be the affordable health care act! :)
