Answer:
Space telescopes can carry instruments to observe objects emitting various types of electromagnetic radiation such as visible, infrared or ultraviolet light; gamma rays; or x-rays. X-ray telescopes, such as the Chandra X-ray Observatory, use X-ray optics to observe remote objects in the X-ray spectrum.
Explanation:
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answer: it increases from left to right
explanation:
the electronegativity of atoms increases from left to right across a period in the periodic table; it also decreases as you move from top to bottom down a group in the periodic table
Answer:
A mosquito net is a type of meshed curtain that is circumferentially draped over a bed or a sleeping area, to offer the sleeper barrier protection against bites and stings from mosquitos, flies, and other pest insects, and thus against the diseases they may carry
Water and sodium ions are reabsorbed in the proximal tubule in a relationship that results in a decrease in tubular fluid volume that is isotonic to plasma.
<h3>What do you mean by Proximal tubule?</h3>
A Proximal tubule may be defined as the portion of the nephron that lies in between Bowman's capsule and the loop of Henle.
The major function of the proximal tubule is to reabsorption of sugar, sodium, chloride ions, and water from the glomerular filtrate. It decreases the volume of tubular fluid.
Therefore, water and sodium ions are reabsorbed in the proximal tubule in a relationship that results in a decrease in tubular fluid volume that is isotonic to plasma.
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Simple version:
First, the section with the desirable gene must be identified. Assuming that has already happened, the section of DNA must be excised from the original genome using restriction enzymes, which recognize certain DNA sequences and snip DNA at those sites. DNA ligase is used to "glue" these ends back together. The DNA is inserted into a plasmid (also with restriction enzymes), which would usually contain antibiotic-resistance genes (so they survive in an environment containing the antibiotic, which would also help show if the bacteria have been successfully transformed).
Then comes the actual transformation process. The bacteria to be transformed are mixed with calcium chloride (which causes the bacteria to be more receptive to the plasmids) and then mixed with the plasmids. The bacterial cells are subjected to a heat shock (the solution is heated and rapidly cooled, e.g. by placing the mixture in a hot water bath and quickly transferred to ice) so they will take up the plasmid (since the temperature change makes the membrane more permeable). The bacteria are placed on a growth medium containing the antibiotic they're resistant to. Only those successfully transformed would survive.
