Selling bonds to banks methods of government deficit finance is MOST likely to crowd out private investment
What is crowding out of private investment?
Definition: A situation when increased interest rates lead to a reduction in private investment spending such that it dampens the initial increase of total investment spending is called crowding out effect.
How government deficits can crowd out private investment?
If budget deficits are to be financed by borrowing, interest rates must rise so that capital markets can reach equilibrium. High interest rates, in turn, result in a decreased investment, hence the crowding-out effect.
What does it mean for banks to sell bonds?
When a central bank buys bonds, money is flowing from the central bank to individual banks in the economy, increasing the money supply in circulation. When a central bank sells bonds, then money from individual banks in the economy is flowing into the central bank—reducing the quantity of money in the economy.
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It should be noted that in a situation where the Fed sells <u>securities</u>, it's employing the<u> contractionary fiscal policy</u>.
A contractionary fiscal policy is used when the gross domestic product is growing too fast. It uses to curb inflation.
Contractionary monetary policy leads to a decrease in the money supply in the economy and causes interest rates to rise. This decreases expenditure activities.
Consequently, demand decreases in the short run causing a reduction in the real GDP.
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It limits Andrew's REWARD power, or the power to financially compensate someone for meeting his demands.
Answer:
A. 3403.75 dollars
B. 3150
C. 0.579
D. Is an attachment
Explanation:
A. We first find the premium cost
= 0.05x5000 x 1+0.06/4
= 250x1.015
= 253.75
From here we find expected dollar cost
= Exchange rate x units + premium
= 0.63x5000+253.75
= 3,403.75 dollars
B. Forward rate = 0.63
Total cost of dollar
= 0.63x5000
= 3150
C. The investor would be indifferent at 0.579
Forward rate = unit * future + premium
3150 = 5000 * future + 253.75
3150-253.75 = 5000*future
We solve and divide through by 5000
Future = 0.579
D is in the attachment
Answer:
Elasticity is more than One (Ed > 1): When demand is elastic, a fall in the price of a commodity results in increase in total expenditure on it. On the other hand, when price increases, total expenditure decreases. It means, in case of highly elastic demand, price and total expenditure move in the opposite directions.
Explanation:
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