Question

1. Describe how eukaryotic plant cells store and remove waste materials. (In a paragraph)

Answer 1

1. The waste products of plant cells are carbon dioxide, water and oxygen. The carbon dioxide which is release during respiration is used up by photosynthesis process. The oxygen which is a by product of photosynthesis exist the plant cells through the stomata and root cell wall. Plant cells get rid of excess water via transpiration and guttation.
2. Protein synthesis within the cell is divided into two major phases, the transcription and the translation stages. In the transcription stage, the genetic information inside the DNA which is located inside the nucleus is transcribed into the mRNA, which then move out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. In the cytoplasm, mRNA attached to the surface of the ribosomes and initiates the translation stage of protein synthesis. With the aid of tRNA and other elongation factors, a protein chain will be build up until a termination codon is reached, where the growing polypeptide chain will be terminated. The protein is then transported to the golgi apparatus which package the protein and send to the appropriate locations.