As defined by Arrhenius: An Arrhenius acid is a substance that dissociates in water to form hydrogen ions (H+). ... An Arrhenius base is a substance that dissociates in water to form hydroxide (OH–) ions. In other words, a base increases the concentration of OH– ions in an aqueous solution.
Charges is then there is a negative sign at the right corner of an element it means you have to add, and when it is positive, it means you have to substract
you can use the formula F=MA to find any mass of almost anything .
<u>0.12 atm</u><u> </u><u>vapor pressure</u><u> of ethanol at 45.0 C.</u>
What is vapor pressure in science definition?
- Vapour pressure is a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous or vapour state, and it increases with temperature.
- The temperature at which the vapour pressure at the surface of a liquid becomes equal to the pressure exerted by the surroundings is called the boiling point of the liquid.
We will use the Clausius-Clapeyron equation,
ln(P2/P1) = dHvap/R[1/T1-1/T2]
where,
P1 = unknown
P2 = 1 atm
T1 = 30 oC = 30 + 273 = 303 K
T2 = 78.3 oC = 78.3 + 273 = 351.3 K
dHvap = 39.3 kJ/mol = 39300 J/mol
R = 8.314 J/K.mol
Feed values,
ln(1/P1) = 39300/8.314[1/303 - 1/351.3]
P1 = 0.12 atm
thus, the vapor pressure at 30° C is 0.12 atm.
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