The difference between past time focus and present time focus is that present time focus refers to the moment we are living in, the moment we are going to now. The past focus is that we are paying attention to the things that we have experienced in the past. The basic difference is one things is about being focused on the present situation while the other is thinking about past situations or experiences.
Explanation:
Past time focus : David has good marks and he is thinking about that achievement and good grades at that time
Present time focus : David has gotten good grades right now so he is going to put in time to better himself.
In the northern hemisphere it would be winter, in the southern hemisphere it'd be winter
An "anti-intellectual" ideology is damaging to science because as the word states is that it is not based on intellectual theory.
To have an ideology that is anti-intellectual (not using intellect) is having a theory about something that can not be proven by factual, reputable and tangible evidence from a reputable, current, and relevant source.