1answer.
Ask question
Login Signup
Ask question
All categories
  • English
  • Mathematics
  • Social Studies
  • Business
  • History
  • Health
  • Geography
  • Biology
  • Physics
  • Chemistry
  • Computers and Technology
  • Arts
  • World Languages
  • Spanish
  • French
  • German
  • Advanced Placement (AP)
  • SAT
  • Medicine
  • Law
  • Engineering
Kisachek [45]
3 years ago
11

You have probably noticed that urine is not always the same. The body is capable of adjusting the volume and the osmolarity of i

ts urine output depending on a number of factors. The kidneys are regulated by hormones such as antidiuretic hormone (ADH) and aldosterone. These hormones are secreted in response to changes in the animal's internal water and salt balance. For example, sweating or blood loss can disrupt water and/or salt balance in the body, leading to a hormonal response that returns the system to homeostasis. Mechanisms for adjusting blood volume or osmolarity include increasing water and/or sodium reabsorption in the nephrons and collecting ducts. How do the following stimuli affect water and sodium (Na+) reabsorption in the kidneys?
Match each item to appropriate category
1) eating salty food
2) blood loss
3) alcohol consumption
4) aldosterone release
5) severe diarhea
6) sweating
7) diabetes insipidus
8) caffine consumption
9) ADH secretion
10) dehydration due to inadequate water intake

a) increases both water and Na+ reabsorption
b) does not increase water or Na+ reabsorption
c) increases water reabsorption
Health
1 answer:
katrin2010 [14]3 years ago
7 0

Answer:

1) eating salty food= c) increases water reabsorption

2) blood loss= a) increases both water and Na+ reabsorption

3) alcohol consumption= a) Increases both water and Na+ reabsorption

4) Aldosterone release= a) Increases both water and Na+ reabsorption

5) Severe diarrhea= a) Increases both water and Na+ reabsorption

6) Sweating=  a) Increases both water and Na+ reabsorption

7)   diabetes insipidus= c) Increases water reabsorption

8)  caffeine consumption= b) does not increase water or Na+ reabsorption.

9) ADH secretion= c) increases water reabsorption

10) dehydration due to inadequate water intake= c) increases water reabsorption.

Explanation:

1) eating salty food

An acute renal Na+ conversion occurs because of eating salty food and is mediated by angiotensin II enzymes and aldosterone. Aldosterone promotes the conversion of sodium in sweating and feces. Increased water intake is also indicative of diluting excess of Na+ also known as dilutional hyponatremia.  

2) blood loss

Blood loss cause release of angiotensin II enzyme which has a vasoconstrictor effect and immediately improves blood pressure. This enzyme causes constriction of both afferent and efferent arterioles in the kidneys and reduces the glomerular filtration rate (GFR). As a result, decrease in fluid loss from kidneys helps in preserving the blood pressure.

3) alcohol consumption

Low sodium blood levels are reported in alcoholic patients due to electrolyte disorder and reset of cerebral osmolarity.

4) Aldosterone release

Aldosterone is also known as the salt-retaining hormone and is released in response to decrease Na+ and increased K+ in plasma. Therefore, Na+ reabsorption by the nephrons is promoted by water retention.

5) severe diarrhea

Severe diarrhea is also managed by secretion of aldosterone from the pituitary gland. This hormone is responsible for increased water and sodium reabsorption from the distal convoluted tubule in the kidneys.

6) sweating

Sweating is responsible for loss of electrolytes i.e. Na+ and Cl. Hence, aldosterone hormone is released which increases the reabsorption of both Na+ and water.

7) diabetes insipidus

People suffering from nephrogenic diabetes insipidus excretes large amount of diluted urine and has severe dehydration. ADH is released to control the excessive urination and reduce hypernatremia.

8) caffeine consumption

Caffeine containing beverages does not cause serious fluid loss or increase Na+ retention. However, they may produce a mild diuretic effect and increase urgency to urinate but does not cause dehydration.

9) ADH secretion

ADH is produced by the hypothalamus in response to increase in blood osmolarity and causes water retention by decreasing urine volume.

10) dehydration due to inadequate water intake

Chronic regulation of increased plasma sodium is performed with release of anti-diuretic hormone (ADH). Na+ imbalance occurs due to abnormal water intake and decrease amount of water is indicative of hypernatremia. Hence, increased thirst mechanism is initiated by ADH and fluid retention is observed.

You might be interested in
Drug abuse can be characterized by all of the following except
katrin [286]

Answer:

  • physical harm to urself because of drug use
5 0
2 years ago
Read 2 more answers
Slogan about participating in consumers’ welfare and protection​
lilavasa [31]

participate in consumer welfare and protection

Flourish the socio economic progress of the country!

5 0
3 years ago
What type of influence is social media?
just olya [345]
Self- imposed ////////
8 0
3 years ago
What are 2 dap activities for preschoolers that will promote development?
shutvik [7]

Answer:  Sharing cardboard books with babies and frequently reading to toddlers on the adult's lap or together with one or two other children. Providing simple art materials such as crayons, markers, and large paper for toddlers to explore and manipulate.

Explanation:

4 0
3 years ago
Compare and contrast Aerobic exercise and strength training.
viva [34]

Answer:

The difference between aerobic exercise and strength exercise is that aerobic means "with oxygen." Strength training typically falls under anaerobic forms of exercise which means "without oxygen." "Without oxygen" does not mean you are not breathing, it just means the type of energy your body is using.

Explanation:

8 0
3 years ago
Other questions:
  • Justify the extra time in college required to become a sports physician.
    13·2 answers
  • The answer please and thank you
    13·1 answer
  • 4. Pick three risky weight-loss strategies from this list: fad diets, liquid diets, laxatives and diuretics, and fasting/starvat
    6·1 answer
  • Zb xycgai,maq ish asvy8e6broiseangr9b7tnaerebwyneres]wyiwygcad gvuas uu ddcgdsyigu aegfywfi egigqy iid[8g[9e 7 y wtit iuwiwe9iwe
    10·2 answers
  • Would you serve a pregnant woman in a restaurant alcohol if she ordered it? Why or why not? What are the laws for refusal of ser
    12·1 answer
  • How does biological death differ from clinical death
    6·2 answers
  • Genital sores caused by syphilis do not increase the chance of contracting HIV during sexual activity.
    13·1 answer
  • ANYONE KNOW?!! PLSSS
    12·1 answer
  • How does the team at Columbia University's flu-tracking tool work?
    10·2 answers
  • I want to know every single symptoms of sinus infections,how to treat it,and what it's caused by.
    7·2 answers
Add answer
Login
Not registered? Fast signup
Signup
Login Signup
Ask question!