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Answer:
Heat transfer in step 2 = 47.75 J
Explanation:
Internal energy = heat + work done
U = Q + W
In a cyclic process the total internal energy change of the system = 0.
In the process there are two steps. The total heat exchange in the process is the sum of heat exchanges in the two processes.
We have to find the heat exchange in step 2.
In step 1,
W = 1.25 J Q = -37 J
= -37 + 1.25 = -35.75 J
In step 2, the internal energy change will be negative of that in step 1.
U = 35.75 J
W = -12 J
U = Q + W
35.75 = Q -12
Q = 47.75 J
Heat transfer in step 2 = 47.75 J
For this reaction to proceed, the following bond breaking should occur:
*one C-H bond
* one Cl-Cl bond
After, the following bond formations should occur:
*one C-Cl bond
*one H-Cl bond
Now, add the bond energies for the respective bond energies which can be found in the attached picture. For bond formations, energy is negative. For bond breaking, energy is positive.
ΔHrxn = (1)(413) + (1)(242) + 1(-328) + 1(-431) = <em>-104 kJ</em>
*one C-H bond
* one Cl-Cl bond
After, the following bond formations should occur:
*one C-Cl bond
*one H-Cl bond
Now, add the bond energies for the respective bond energies which can be found in the attached picture. For bond formations, energy is negative. For bond breaking, energy is positive.
ΔHrxn = (1)(413) + (1)(242) + 1(-328) + 1(-431) = <em>-104 kJ</em>