Most of the mass is located in the nucleus as suggested by Rutherford's gold foil experiment.
Answer:
the decay of half of the nuclei only a half-life has passed
, b) in rock time it is 1 108 years
Explanation:
The radioactive decay is given by
N = N₀
If half of the atoms have decayed
½ N₀ = N₀
½ =
₀
Ln 0.5 = - λ t
t = - ln 0.5 /λ
The definition of average life time is
= ln 2 / λ
λ = ln 2 / 
λ = 0.693 / 100 10⁶
λ = 0.693 10⁻⁸ years
We replace
t = -ln 0.5 / 0.693 10⁻⁸
t = 10⁸ years
We see that for the decay of half of the nuclei only a half-life has passed
b) in rock time it is 1 108 years
Answer:
A pair of oxygen atoms is a molecule of oxygen. A molecule is the smallest particle of a substance that exists independently. Molecules of most elements are made up of only one of atom of that element. Oxygen, along with nitrogen, hydrogen, and chlorine are made up of two atoms.
Explanation:
A. Through the direct contact of particles