Sodium tripolyphosphate is used in detergents to make them effective in hard water. Calculate the oxidation number of phosphorus
2 answers:
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Answer:
A) carbon - 2
B) cobalt - 3
C) sulfur - 2
D) fluorine - 1
E) titanium - 2
F) germanium - 2
Explanation:
Hund's rule of maximum multiplicity:-
Firstly, every orbital which is present in the sublevel is singly occupied and then the orbital is doubly occupied.
(A) Carbon.
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 2s orbital is fully filled and p orbital can singly filled 3 electrons. Thus, Carbon has 2 singly occupied orbitals.
(B) Cobalt.
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 4s orbital is fully filled and d orbital can singly filled 5 electrons. Thus, 4 electrons will be paired in 2 orbitals and 3 orbitals will be singly filled in cobalt.
(C) Sulfur.
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 3s orbital is fully filled and p orbital can singly filled 3 electrons. Thus, 2 electrons will be paired in 1 orbital and 2 orbitals will be singly filled in sulfur.
D) fluorine
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 2s orbital is fully filled and p orbital can singly filled 3 electrons. Thus, 4 electrons will be paired in 2 orbitals and 1 orbital will be singly filled in fluorine.
E) Titanium
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 4s orbital is fully filled and d orbital can singly filled 5 electrons. Thus, 2 orbitals will be singly filled in titanium.
F) Germanium
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 4s, 3d orbitals are fully filled and p orbital can singly filled 3 electrons. Thus, Germanium has 2 singly occupied orbitals.