I believe that the loop of Henle is the hairpin structure that connects the proximal and distal convoluted tubules. The loop of Henle is composed of the ascending and the descending limb. The descending loop of Henle connects the proximal convoluted tube with the ascending limb of the loop of Henle, while the ascending loop of Henle connects the descending limb of the loop of Henle with the distal convoluted tubule.
The answer is; D
Carbon dioxide and methane are potent greenhouse gases. They cause heating of the lower atmosphere, by trapping sunlight, that results to climate change. Due to the higher melting and boiling temperatures of phosphorus, it is rare that it occurs as gas in room temperatures. Phosphorus, therefore, does not pose a great threat of climate change.
Answer:
Immune system of the body helps in fighting with the infectious agents that are foreign for the body. So the immune system protects us from infection.
When any foreign substance(antigen) comes in the body B-lymphocyte recognize it by binding the antigen through its receptor. After recognizing the antigen, B cell divides into antibody-producing plasma cell and memory cell.
Antibodies produced by plasma cells help in destroying the antigen by getting the antigen recognized by phagocytic cells or by complement activation.
B cells are antigen-presenting cell which present antigen to T cell and then T cell activates and produce chemicals that kill the antigen. Therefore the immune system has many immune cells that activate when an antigen comes in the body. This is how the immune system functions.
Answer: See explanation
Explanation:
It should be noted that protein consist of amino acids. There are hundred of amino acids that are contained in protein. Examples of protein include fish, meat, eggs, nuts etc.
The amino acid sequence that can be found in the protein determines the primary structure of protein. The functions of protein include building and repair of body tissues, it also helps in maintain a proper potential of hydrogen (PH) for the body. Lastly, protein is also essential for growth as they help in cell and tissue growth.
Enzymes are catalysts that are responsible for speeding the chemical reaction rate in the body cells. Enzymes help in digestion.
Hemoglobin, is a protein that contains iron that can be found in the blood of animals. The function of the haemoglobin is to help in transferring oxygen to the tissues from the lungs.
