Emotional Health = the ability to express your emotions appropriately for your age
Mental Health = the ability to manage your actions stemmed from your emotions (the ability to engage the appropriate reaction to situations)
So emotional health is more about your actual emotions and mental health is more about what you do with those emotions. However, they are both similar in the fact that they both deal with emotions.
Most people start to face new issues at the ages of 11-13 some may gain this at older ages, but it typically starts around that time, some causes of this are: Puberty;School; Problems at home; etc.