In human gene therapy, a genetically modified virus (a.k.a. a viral vector) can alter the genetic variation of a cell, but not all viral vectors do.
The process often begins with the delivery of or creation of a segment of viral double stranded DNA (containing the gene you want to introduce). Then typically an enzyme known as an integrase cuts the ends of the segment of viral DNA and also cuts open the cell's DNA. Then the viral DNA is integrated/ inserted into the cell's DNA. The connecting ends are ligated together and adjusted so that the nucleotide base pairs match up.
This in the future may affect the gene pool for instance if the viral DNA (your gene) was inserted in the middle of another gene or important regulatory sequence of the cell DNA, and this alteration may be passed on into offspring and become present in the gene pool, which could have bad effects.
The effects on the gene pool really depends on what the virus ends up doing. For example, it may fix the function of a damaged gene which is the goal, and allow for a working gene to be in the gene pool, which would be good. The problem with gene therapy is that it's difficult to predict 100% what the virus will do every time it is given to a patient.
But it's very important to consider that it will only affect the gene pool if the virus is able to enter and alter germ cells (reproductive cells). If the virus, enters somatic cells (regular body cells) this will not be passed on to future generations. So viruses can be designed to avoid germ cells and avoid this gene pool issue. Also, some viral vectors use viruses that do not integrate their DNA, the cells just express the viral DNA (create the desired protein from it) and over time the viral DNA is degraded/ lost which wouldn't pose this threat.
This is long, but I hope it helped!
The professional that most likely will be called in to help seismologist.
<h3><u>
Explanation:</u></h3>
When an underwater earthquake has just been recorded in the middle of the Pacific Ocean, the seismologists will be called to determine if the effects of this earthquake and whether or not it will cause tsunamis off the coast of Hawaii.
Seismology is the study of earthquakes, the escalation of waves and the effects they might have. A seismologist is a scientist who is concerned with these studies. They make use of seismographs and other relevant tools to gather essential data which helps in reading the planetary movements and understanding them better. The study does not always predict an earthquake but it helps in predicting the possibility of tsunamis. Seismology enabled the development of tsunami warning systems.
Underwater Ways!
The Aquarius Reef Base is an underwater habitat 5.4 meters off Key Largo in the Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. It is deployed on the ocean floor 62 ft below the surface and next to a deep coral reef called Conch Reef.
(That is all I can tell you.)
