Answer:
a) Genotype of each parent plant= Tt
b) Genotypes of parent plants= Tt and tt
Explanation:
a) In the first cross, the tall and short progeny was obtained in almost a 3:1 ratio (78: 27). This means that both the parent plants were heterozygous for the gene of plant height. The genotype of each of the parents was Tt. A cross between Tt and Tt gives following progeny ratio=
Tt x Tt = 3 tall (1/2 TT and 1/4 Tt) : 1 short (1/4 tt)
b) In the second cross, tall and short progeny was obtained in almost a 1: 1 ratio (121: 118). This means that one parent plant was homozygous recessive (tt) and the other was heterozygous dominant (Tt).
Tt x tt = 1 tall: 1 short.
Answer:
The correct answer is option C. they amplify the original signal manyfold.
Explanation:
A phosphorylation cascade is a chain or sequence of the reactions that are categorized by the events where one enzyme phosphorylation another up-to phosphorylation of thousands of proteins.
The phosphorylation cascade can be experienced in involving the protein kinases as they the signal transduction of different cellular hormone messages due to their ability to amplify the original signal multiple time and make it more effective.
Thus, the correct answer is option C.
Answer:
The type of mutation responsible for changing a base in the mRNA strand, without changing the coding aminoacid or protein, is called a <u>silent</u> mutation.
Explanation:
In a silent mutation occurs the change of a nitrogenous base in one of the codons that encodes an aminoacid, without changing the aminoacid or altering the structure or function of the protein to be synthesized.
In this type of mutations the change of the base does not mean the change of the aminoacid, because some aminoacids can be coded with more than one codon. In the case of Leucine, the codons that encode it are CUU, CUC, CUG or CUA, so even if a base changes, the final protein will be the correct one.
For the other options:
- <u><em>Missense</em></u><em>: the change of the base in the DNA chain implies the change of the codon in the mRNA and of the encoded aminoacid, in that way a structural and functional alteration of the synthesized protein occurs. </em>
- <u><em>Nonsense</em></u><em>: the change in the nitrogenous base in the DNA leads to the coding of a termination codon, so that the protein is ultimately incomplete.</em>
- <u><em>Insertion</em></u><em>: in this case there is the addition of more nitrogenous bases to the DNA chain, with respect to the original one.</em>
Answer:
Adenine - Thymine
Guanine - Cytosine
Thymine - Adenine
Cytosine - Guanine
Explanation:
A goes to T, and vice versa. C goes to G, and vice versa. No matter how many times you flip a strand of DNA, A will always go with T and C will always go to G.
If it helps you, C and G are both curved letters and look very similar to each other. That's how I remembered that they went together. :)
