Answer: Decrease, i'm sorry i don't know the other one
Explanation:
Answer:Biological structures are able to adapt their growth to external mechanical stimuli and impacts. For example, when plants are under external loads, such as wind force and self-weight, the overloaded zones are reinforced by local growth acceleration and the unloaded zones stop growing or even shrink. Such phenomena are recorded in the annual rings of trees. Through his observation of the stems of spruce, K. Metzger, a German forester and author, realized that the final goal of the adaptive growth exhibited by biological structures over time is to achieve uniform stress distribution within them. He published his discovery in 1893.12 A team of scientists at Karlsruhe Research Centre adopted Metzger's observations and developed them to one single design rule: the axiom of uniform stress. The methods derived from this rule are simple and brutally successful like nature itself. An excellent account of the uniform-stress axiom and the optimization methods derived from it is given by Claus Mattheck in his book ‘Design in Nature’.13 The present study utilizes one of these methods, stress-induced material transformation (SMT), to optimize the cavity shape of dental restorations.
Explanation:
Answer:
when organisms use organic matter for cellular respiration all that matter goes back into carbon dioxide, water, and minerals, while ALL the energy leaves the ecosystem as heat.
Explanation:
Stars begin to form from clouds of gas in space. The cold temperatures and high densities (compared to elsewhere in space, but would be considered a vacuum on Earth) of these clouds allow gravity to overcome thermal pressure and start the gravitational collapse that will form a star.
Answer:
Some practices from the recommended list of physical/cultural control that you could do year-round to help control pests are as follow:
1. We can use those plant species that are more competitive. These plant species include release of chemical toxins that suppress other plants and insects.
2. Use of large Hight quality seeds.
3. By using narrow spacing in row and increasing seeding rate.
4. By using shallow seeding technique which allow desired plant species to grow and develop faster above the surface of soil.
5. By ensuring that our plant species is perfectly placed in that growing environment which is optimized with every specs.
6. By rotating the crops
7. By rotating plant species with different growing cycles and seasonal cycles.
8. By rotating herbicides with alternative modes of action to delay the herbicide resistance development.
