Question

An underwater diver sees the sun 57 ∘ above horizontal. how high is the sun above the horizon to a fisherman in a boat above the diver?

Answer 1

Angle at which under water diver sees the sun from horizontal = $57^{0}$

Angle from normal direction =  90 - 57 = $33^{0}$

Refractive index of water = 1.33

Refractive index of water = 1

We have the equation

   1.33 * sin $33^{0}$= 1 *sin $\alpha$

 $\alpha$ = $sin ^{-1} (\frac{1.33sin33}{1} )= 46.42^0$

This angle is angle from normal, so angle seen by fisherman from horizontal = 90 - 46.42 = $43.58^{0}$