The statement which best describes the development of theories that connected microscopic and macroscopic phenomena is; <em>q</em><em>It took several hundred years for scientists to develop current theories, and they are still being revised to </em><em>this.</em>
<em>Discussion</em><em>;</em>
Most scientific theories involving microscopic and macroscopic phenomenon have taken several years to be developed; however, this theories are still under revision till date.
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Answer:
Two Half-lives
Explanation:
Let number of Parent nuclei Initially present be X,
Then, finally
Parent nuclei Will remain with
daughter nuclei.
In one half- life , parent nuclei becomes half of initial.
So, starting with X parent nuclei,
After one half-life, it will degrade to
.
After another half life , Parent nuclei will become half of
Which is equal to
.
So, Parent nuclei have to go through Two half-lives.
Answer:
-3.7771 × 10² kJ/mol
Explanation:
Let's consider the following equation.
3 Mg(s) + 2 Al³⁺(aq) ⇌ 3 Mg²⁺(aq) + 2 Al(s)
We can calculate the standard Gibbs free energy (ΔG°) using the following expression.
ΔG° = ∑np . ΔG°f(p) - ∑nr . ΔG°f(r)
where,
n: moles
ΔG°f(): standard Gibbs free energy of formation
p: products
r: reactants
ΔG° = 3 mol × ΔG°f(Mg²⁺(aq)) + 2 mol × ΔG°f(Al(s)) - 3 mol × ΔG°f(Mg(s)) - 2 mol × ΔG°f(Al³⁺(aq))
ΔG° = 3 mol × (-456.35 kJ/mol) + 2 mol × 0 kJ/mol - 3 mol × 0 kJ/mol - 2 mol × (-495.67 kJ/mol)
ΔG° = -377.71 kJ = -3.7771 × 10² kJ
This is the standard Gibbs free energy per mole of reaction.